Earth Satellite Station

SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS EARTH STATION

The commissioning of the Satellite Communications Earth Station, Kuantan, Pahang, heralds Malaysia's entry into the Space Age. Built on a 60 acre site on a small plateau overlooking the scenic beaches of the East Coast of West Malaysia, the Station will link Malaysia via the Indian Ocean Intelsat III Satellite, initially with India, Indonesia, United Kingdom, East and West Pakistan, Japan and Australia. These links will provide high quality overseas telephone, telegraph and telex circuits which are vital to the development of Malaysia's trade and economy. The Earth Station is also equipped to relay live television programmes between Malaysia and these countries. The total cost of the Earth Station Project, including land and buildings amounts to M$9 million (US$3 million) and the successful principal contractor for the Antenna and Electronic Equipment was Mitsubishi Shoji Kaisha Ltd. of Japan.

The key components of the Station are the 97 foot diameter fully steerable antenna, the supersensitive helium refrigerated low noise receivers and the high-power microwave transmitters. The moving structure of the antenna weighs 300 tons, yet the antenna must aim at the satellite 22,300 miles up in the sky with an accuracy better than one minute of an arc. The big antenna must maintain the accuracy of its reflecting surface to within 1.2 millimeter in order to concentrate the radiated microwave power towards the satellite equivalent to 1000 million watts. The design and construction of the Station indeed stretches modern technology to its limits.

Kuantan is chosen as the site of the Earth Station on account of its complete freedom from interference from existing terrestrial microwave stations. In addition, Kuantan has reasonable amenities for staff and is linked back to Kuala Lumpur by a high quality microwave system. 

Satellite communication is organized on a global basis through the International Telecommunications Satellite Consortium or INTELSAT. This Consortium now has about 71 Member Countries. Malaysia is the 50th Member with a capital share of approximately 0.25%, Malaysia is represented on the governing body, the Interim Communications Satellite Committee (ITSC) through a Joint Representative in partnership with Thailand, Singapore, India, Ceylon, Philippines and New Zealand. The Consortium is responsible for purchasing, launching and maintaining the satellites in the sky. The establishment and operation of the earth stations however, are entirely the responsibility of the countries concerned.

Malaysia's Earth Satellite Station is not a turn-key project. The specifications and the system engineering designs were prepared by Malaysian Telecommunication Engineers who have also supervised the installation, testing and completion of this project. This is indeed an achievement of which Malaysia is justifiably proud.

TECHNICAL DETAILS

Commemorative postage stamps of 15 cents and 30 cents denominations will be issued to mark the commissioning of the Satellite Communications Earth Station at Kuantan, Pahang.

SIZE: Trapeziform for the 15 cents denomination and rectangular for the 30 cents denomination with the following dimensions perforation to perforation in sheets of 100 -

15 cents - Vertical (Right side) - 30 mm, Vertical (Left side) - 15 mm, Horizontal (43 mm)

30 cents - Vertical - 30 mm

(Types A & B) Horizontal - 43 mm

DESIGN:

15 cents - The design depicts a view of the steerable antenna of the Earth Station against the background of the sky

30 cents - The design, which is common to both types, depicts the Satellite "Intelsat III" orbiting in space above the portion of the Earth showing Malaysia.

Type A: The words "Intelsat III", "Malaysia" and the denomination in white. The stars in the background in silver.

Type B: The words "Intelsat III", "Malaysia" and the denomination in gold. The stars in the background in silver.

PRINTING PROCESS: Photogravure

COLOUR: The stamps are in multicolours

PAPER: Unwatermarked paper

PRINTED BY: Messrs. Joh Enschede en Zonen, Holland

PERIOD OF SALE: Until stocks are exhausted

FIRST DAY COVER

25th Anniversary United Nations Commemorative Stamps

UNITED NATIONS 25TH ANNIVERSARY COMMEMORATION
The United Nations came into being on 24th October, 1945. This year will see its 25th Anniversary which will be celebrated extensively not only by this World Body but also by member nations. As one of its many commemorative activities, the Government of Malaysia will be issuing on this occasion a 25th Anniversary Commemorative stamp.

A quarter of a century is a long time for any organization to survive. The United Nations has been through many a troublesome period, but Malaysia has always pledged her support for this worthy body. One might ask why this body is so esteemed in a world so fraught with trouble.

The answers might be found in the Charter of the U.N.  itself. Some of the objectives of the U.N. have been formulated precisely to make the world a better and safer place to live in. These objectives can be described briefly as:

1. To maintain international peace and security.
2. To develop friendly relations among nations.
3. To achieve co-operation in solving international problems of an economic, social, cultural or humanitarian character.
4. To be a center for harmonizing the actions of nations in achieving character.

These are certainly worthy causes and are some of reasons for Malaysia's support for the U.N.

The United Nations does give much of its assistance through its specialized agencies, some of which have inter-governmental status.

The Economic and Social Council, as a co-ordinating body for these agencies, seeks to promote (as  specified in the Charter) "higher standards of living, full employment and conditions of economic and social progress for all peoples.

It is the main coordinating organ for such agencies as the International Labour Organization, the Food and Agriculture Organization, the World Health Organization, the International Atomic Energy Agency, International Telecommunications Union, UNESCO and a host of other agencies which are formed for the benefit of mankind.

None of these agencies and bodies of the U.N. can function without the financial assistance of member States.

At the moment there are several U.N. projects in Malaysia which are being undertaken by these U.N. specialized agencies. As an example, the Food and Agricultural Organization is at present setting up a Fisherman's Training Center as one of its many projects. It is also assisting in the Forest Industries. The United Nations Development Programme is assisting the Malaysian Government in carrying out surveys and feasibility studies to determine the economic potential and to plan the productive use of national resources; also in establishing and strengthening educational and training institutions. Many F.A.O. and I.T.U experts are brought over and many fellowships are granted to Malaysian citizens.

Apart from its economic and technical work, the U.N. is also used as a "courtroom for world opinion". It is a place where countries deliberate to sort out their various political problems vis-a-vis one another. Such international crises as the Korean Crisis (1950), Congo (1960) and Cuba (1962) have been resolved by means of this world body. On the other hand, many problems have not been resolved. The U.N. does have its defects and is by no means a perfect body. However, it is a useful meeting place for diplomats and the proof of its usefulness may be seen in the fact that it is already 25 years old.

The 25th Anniversary of the U.N. is thus certainly an auspicious occasion not only for the U.N. but also for Malaysia in that the anniversary is to commemorate for Malaysia the good work that the U.N. has done for her and the mutual benefits to both. The issue of this 25th Anniversary Commemorative Stamp is one tribute that Malaysia is giving this esteemed world body.

Technical Details

Commemorative postage stamps of 25 cents, 30 cents and 50 cents denominations will be issued to mark the 25th Anniversary of the United Nations on 24th October, 1970.

Size: Rectangular with the following dimensions perforation to perforation in sheets of 100:

Horizontal - 35 mm

Vertical - 25 mm

Design: The three stamps feature the Emblem of the United Nations and 25 Doves of Peace.

Colour: 

25 cents - The Emblem in yellow and the Doves in white against a brown background.

30 cents - The Emblem in blue and the Doves in white against a yellow/green background.

50 cents - The Emblem and Doves in white against a green background.

Artist: Enche Ng Peng Nam

Printing Process: Delacryl

Paper: Unwatermarked white paper

Printed by: Messrs. Thomas De La Rue & Co. Ltd., England

Period of Sale: Until stocks are exhausted.

First day cover

 

50th Anniversary of the International Labour Organization (ILO)

ILO 1919-1969

FIFTY YEARS IN THE SERVICE OF SOCIAL PROGRESS

Just over fifty years ago, at the end of 1918, the First World War drew to a close. Not only had peace to be made, it must be a durable peace. The peace Treaty signed in Versailles on 28th June, 1919 set up the League of Nations whose essential task was to avert future conflicts. But it had already been understood that universal and lasting peace "can be established only if it is based upon social justice". The International Labour Organization was therefore created alongside the League of Nations with the responsibility of setting up international collaboration for the study of labour problems and for the adoption of international standards of workers' protection.

Of this structure, little besides the International Labour Organizations was to remain after the Second World War. Relying on the confidence of workers, of employers and of governments which constitute it, and drawing on its capital of accumulated achievements, the ILO was ready to face the future. In Philadelphia in 1944, the Organization marked its 25 years of activity by enlarging the scope of social international cooperation and bringing the ILO into the struggle against poverty and insecurity. As the first specialized agency to enter into relations with the United Nations, it threw its weight wholeheartedly - while continuing its work for the protection of workers - into a new and essential undertaking: international technical cooperation.

There were 45 Member States in 1919 and 121 in 1969. These figures are eloquent, for they demonstrate that the ILO's work affects the whole world and more particularly those countries which have recently become independent and where problems of development are most acute. For the past 20 years, ILO experts have supported the efforts of governments in organization of employment services and labour administration, vocational training for unskilled workers and managers alike, productivity in large and small undertakings, development of cooperatives, workers' education, social security, occupational safety and health, better conditions of work and higher living standards.

During its anniversary year,  the ILO launched the initial stages of a World Employment Programme as an attack on the massive problems of unemployment and under-employment in the developing world. Under this programme the Organization will assist national governments in developing employment and training opportunities for the swelling populations of Asia, Latin America, Africa and the Middle East. Malaysia has been collaborating actively with the Asian Regional Team of the ILO in moving ahead with the implementation of the Asia Manpower Plan as part of this world-wide effort.

For this half century of dedication to the cause of mankind and universal and lasting peace based on social justice, the ILO was awarded the coveted 1969 Nobel Peace Prize which consists of 373,000 Swedish crowns, the Alfred Nobel Gold Medal and Diploma. This award is a tribute to the common man throughout the world, to his stake in peace and his contribution to peace. It will no doubt give the ILO immense encouragement to build further on the solid foundations laid by 50 years of unremitting efforts to which Governments, employers and workers throughout the world have contributed in full measure.

Member countries all over the world participated in the celebration of the ILO 50th Anniversary in a wide variety of ways. Malaysia, among other things, is issuing special postage stamps, to commemorate the occasion.

THE ILO - WHAT IT MEANS TO MALAYSIA

Malaysia is one of the 121 Member governments of the International Labour Organization, having joined the Organization in 1957, the year of independence. Since then, Government, Worker and Employer representatives from Malaysia have played an active part in the councils of the ILO. In 1966-1969 Malaysia was represented on the Governing Body of the ILO by a government member and a worker deputy member. It is presently represented by a full tripartite delegation in the Asian Advisory Committee of the ILO, including government, worker and employer members.

The ties between Malaysia and the International Labour Organization in the field of technical cooperation have been close and extend from the first year of independence to the present date. During that time ILO advisers have worked closely with government officials and worker and employer organizations to develop a wide range of social policy, and labour and management institutions, including:

• an apprenticeship programme
• a national employment service
• an employment market information programme
• vocational rehabilitation
• an accelerated training programme
• an instructor training programme
• improved labour statistics
• a productivity institute
• a workers' education programme
• establishment of Penang Port Labour Board
• industrial hygiene

Approximately thirty ILO experts in various fields of activity ranging from productivity to cooperatives have carried out technical assistance projects in Malaysia since 1957. Twelve experts in instructor and industrial training are presently being assigned by the ILO to implement a UNDP Special Fund project from 1969 to 1974.

Fifteen ILO fellowships for 3 to 6 months study abroad have been awarded to Malaysians in various labour and social fields since 1962 and Malaysians have been participating in ILO Regional Seminars such as the Asian Round Table on Labour Administration and Developing Planning in 1969 and the Asian Regional Meeting on Vocational Training Planning and Organization in 1968. Malaysian employer representatives are being closely associated with preparations for the first regional seminar to be held in 1970 for employers in the Asian Region in order to discuss their role with regard to labour and manpower problems in economic and social development.

The major task facing the ILO in the Asian Region in the years that lie ahead will be the implementation of the Asian Regional Manpower Plan which will provide the framework for a concerted attack by governments and international organizations on unemployment and under-employment in the countries of the region. Malaysia has been collaborating closely with the ILO in the preliminary studies undertaken under the Plan and will be associated with the work of the ILO Regional Manpower Team which commenced operations in 1969. 

Technical Details

Commemorative postage stamps of 30 cents and 75 cents denominations will be issued to mark the 50th Anniversary of the International Labour Organization.

Size: Rectangular with the following dimensions perforation to perforation in sheets of 100:

Horizontal - 25 mm.

Vertical - 35 mm

Printing Process: Lithograph

Design: The design features of the ILO Emblem

Colours: 30 cents - The Emblem in peacock blue against a grey background with the letterings in white

75 cents - The Emblem in peacock blue against a pink background with the letterings in white

Paper: Unwatermarked white paper

Printed by: Messrs. Harrison & Sons Ltd., England

Period of Sale: Until stocks are exhausted.

First Day Cover